grammar

to list the grammar points by HSK level


        
 
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ID: 101
compare:
HSK: 1
format: Subj. + 来 / 去 + Place + Verb / [Verb Phrase] + 了
example: 我 和 朋友 去 商场 买 衣服 了 。
details:
exception:
keyword: 来, 去 + 了
class: undefined,u,v,vd
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ID: 102
compare:
HSK: 1
format: 不 + [Verb Phrase] + 了
example: 我 不 想 吃 了 。
details: 了 indicate a change, anymore
exception:
keyword: 不 + 了
class: h,d,undefined,u,v
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ID: 103
compare:
HSK: 1
format: 没(有) + [Noun Phrase] + 了
example: 手机 没 电 了 。
details: 了 indicate a change, anymore
exception:
keyword: 没(有) + 了
class: undefined,d,v,u
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question:
theme: Expressing status of inaction
Tags:


ID: 104
compare:
HSK: 1
format: 已经 + 不 + [Verb Phrase] + 了
example: 他 已经 不 在 这儿 工作 了 。
details: 已经 means "anymore" is optional but either 不 or 没有 is needed to make the verb negative. The sentence-final 了 is required,
exception:
keyword: 已经 + 不 + 了
class: undefined,d,h,u,v
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question:
theme: Expressing duration of inaction
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ID: 105
compare:
HSK: 1
format: 已经 + 没(有) + [Noun Phrase] + 了
example: 我们 已经 没有 钱 了 。
details: 已经 means "anymore" is optional but either 不 or 没有 is needed to make the verb negative. The sentence-final 了 is required,
exception:
keyword: 已经 + 没(有) + 了
class: undefined,d,v,u
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long:
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question:
theme: Expressing duration of inaction
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ID: 106
compare:
HSK: 3
format: Subj. + (已经 +) Duration + 没 + Verb + 了
example: 他们 已经 两 天 没 吃 东西 了
details: this pattern differs from both simple pattern for expressing duration and the pattern for ongoing duration, the duration comes right after the subject and 了 is at the end of the sentence. The verb has to be negated with 没, as the action hasn't happened.
exception: 已经 can be omitted.
keyword: (已经 +) 没 + 了
class: undefined,d,v,u
short:
long:
answer:
question:
theme: Expressing duration of inaction
Tags:


ID: 107
compare:
HSK: 1
format: [New Situation] + 了
example: 知道 了 。
details: 了 indicate a change of status
exception:
keyword: [New Situation] + [了]
class: undefined,u,v
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ID: 108
compare: 94
HSK: 1
format: Noun 1 + 的 + Noun 2
example: 上海 的 天气
details: where Noun 2 belongs to Noun 1, and Noun 1 can be almost anything
exception:
keyword: [的]
class: undefined,u
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ID: 109
compare: 110
HSK: 1
format: Topic + 呢 ?
example: 你 爸爸 是 上海 人 ,你 妈妈 呢 ?
details: 呢 makes "what about" question
exception:
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class: undefined,u
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ID: 110
compare: 109
HSK: 1
format: [Missing Person / Thing] + 呢 ?
example: 我 的 手机 呢 ?
details: 呢 makes "where is" question
exception:
keyword: [Missing Person / Thing] + 呢 ?
class: qu
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