grammar

to list the grammar points by HSK level


        
 
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HSK:
format:
example:
details:
exception:
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ID: 431
compare:
HSK: 3
format: Subj. + 又 + (Aux. +) Verb + Obj.
example: 明天 又 是 星期一 ！
details: 又 is sometimes used to express that something that has happened before is going to happen in the immediate future. In this case, it usually appears with 要 (yào), 可以 (kěyǐ), 能 (néng), or 是 (shì). This usage often expresses exasperation or impatience with something happening yet again, but sometimes it's more neutral, or even happy.
exception:
keyword: 又
class: undefined,d
short:
long:
answer:
question:
theme: Both 再 (zài) and 又 (yòu) express the repeating of an action and can be roughly translated in English to "again." However, 再 is used to express actions that have not yet occurred (the "future again") and 又 is used for actions that have already occurred (the "past again"). They're not interchangeable. In addition, each word has a few special usages.
Tags:

ID: 432
compare:
HSK: 3
format: topic1 + 还是 + topic2 ?
example: 你 喝 茶 还是 喝 咖啡 ？
details: When asking a question, 还是 can be used to provide choices or options. (topic is an option, and to expect an answer)
exception: The structure for 或者 and 还是 is the same, but the meaning, as well as the context in which 或者 is needed, is different. 或者 drops the "A or B, PICK ONE" attitude in favor of a more open, "maybe A, perhaps B... (or maybe both or neither?)" So it's less exclusive and less demanding of a choice RIGHT NOW.
keyword: 还是 + ?
class: c,d
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answer:
question:
theme: Both 还是 (háishì) and 或者 (huòzhě) mean "or" and are used to present a choice. However, 还是 is normally used when asking a question, and 或者 is mostly for declarative sentences.
Tags:

ID: 433
compare:
HSK: 3
format: topic1 + 或者 + topic2
example: 周末 我 想 在 家 看书 或者 看 电影
details: 或者 is used in a statement in which options are presented.(topic is possibility and do not expect a choice)
exception: The structure for 或者 and 还是 is the same, but the meaning, as well as the context in which 或者 is needed, is different. 或者 drops the "A or B, PICK ONE" attitude in favor of a more open, "maybe A, perhaps B... (or maybe both or neither?)" So it's less exclusive and less demanding of a choice RIGHT NOW.
keyword: 或者
class: undefined,c,d
short:
long:
answer:
question:
theme: Both 还是 (háishì) and 或者 (huòzhě) mean "or" and are used to present a choice. However, 还是 is normally used when asking a question, and 或者 is mostly for declarative sentences.
Tags:

ID: 434
compare:
HSK: 3
format: Subj. + (先 )+ 然后
example: 我们 先 复习 一下 ，然后 上 新 课
details: 然后 is a conjunction, which is always used in the middle of a sequence of events. It is often used with 先 (xiān, meaning "first"). Neither 以后 nor 后来 can be replaced in this way.
exception: Neither 以后 nor 后来 can be used with 先 (xiān, meaning "first")
keyword: 先 + 然后
class: undefined,d,n,nt,c
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question:
theme: While both 以后 (yǐhòu) and 后来 (hòulái) can mean "later," they have distinct uses. 然后 (ránhòu) means "and then." Don't let yet another 后 word confuse you!
Tags:

ID: 435
compare:
HSK: 3
format: Subj. + 以后
example: 我 以后 想 开 公司
details: 以后 is a time noun, which can be used to talk about things that happen at some unspecified point in the future or as "after" while 然后 and 后来 can't be used this way.
exception:
keyword: 以后
class: undefined,nt
short:
long:
answer:
question:
theme: While both 以后 (yǐhòu) and 后来 (hòulái) can mean "later," they have distinct uses. 然后 (ránhòu) means "and then." Don't let yet another 后 word confuse you!
Tags:

ID: 436
compare:
HSK: 3
format: topic1 + 后来 + topic2
example: 他 在 我们 公司 干 过 两 年 ，后来 跳槽 了
details: 后来 is used to sequence two topics, events that have already occurred. It is the Chinese equivalent of the English word "afterward."
exception:
keyword: 后来
class: undefined,nt
short:
long:
answer:
question:
theme: While both 以后 (yǐhòu) and 后来 (hòulái) can mean "later," they have distinct uses. 然后 (ránhòu) means "and then." Don't let yet another 后 word confuse you!
Tags:

ID: 437
compare:
HSK: 3
format: Adj. + Adj. + 的 (+ Noun)
example: 安静 → 安安静静
details: adjectives can be reduplicated to enhance the descriptive feeling of an adjective.
exception: Two-Syllable Adjectives AB is reduplicated as AABB, Not all adjectives can take AABB form, for example, 好吃, 便宜
keyword: [Adj.] + [Adj.] + [的]
class: undefined,u
short:
long:
answer:
question:
theme: Reduplication of adjectives
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ID: 438
compare:
HSK: 3
format: AABB + 地 + Verb
example: 我 真 想 舒舒服服 地 躺 在 沙发 上 看 电视
details: When adjectives are used as adverbs to modify verbs, you can reduplicate the adjective using the AABB pattern.
exception:
keyword: [地]
class: undefined,n,u
short:
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answer:
question:
theme: Reduplication of adjectives
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ID: 439
compare:
HSK: 3
format: Subj. + ABAB
example: 来 ，喝 点 酒 ，高兴 高兴
details: To use a reduplicated adjective as a predicate, the structure is ABAB
exception: or to use Subj. + AB + 一下
keyword: [ABAB] / 一下
class: a
short:
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answer:
question:
theme: Reduplication of adjectives
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ID: 440
compare:
HSK: 3
format: Subj. + Adj. + 地 + Verb
example: 你 要 努力 地 学习 。
details: we place the structural particle 地 (de) after the adjective to make it function as an adverb.
exception:
keyword: [地]
class: undefined,n,u
short:
long:
answer:
question:
theme: Turning adjectives into adverbs by 地
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